The 16th and 22nd Amendment of the United States Constitution

Amendment #16

1. Summarize the amendment in 3 sentences or less

--This amendment allows the congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the United States Census. It exempted income taxes from the constitutional requirements regarding direct taxes, after income taxes on rents, dividends, and interest were ruled to be direct taxes. The amendment was passed by congress on July 2, 1909, and was ratified February 3, 1913.

2. Prepare a 'cheat sheet' describing the purpose and effects of the amendment

       -- Gives congress the power to collect taxes on income without apportioning it among the state.

3. Define any vocabulary terms (be ready to answer questions about any words or phrases you use!)
• Apportioning: to distribute or allocate proportionally; divide and assign according to some rule of proportional distribution.
4. Answer the following:

	What is the historical background of this amendment (why was it made?) The amendment was passed by congress on July 2, 1909, and was ratified February 3, 1913. For more history on the 16th amendment go to: https://www.loc.gov/rr/business/hottopic/irs_history.html
	What does this amendment mean today? Congress has the right to collect income tax
	Present examples of current issues involving this amendment. People today don’t want to pay income tax.

 

Amendment #22

1. Summarize the amendment in 3 sentences or less  The 22^nd Amendment sets term limits for the elected President of the United States.
2. Prepare a 'cheat sheet' describing the purpose and effects of the amendment
1. To make sure no one is in power for too long
3. Define any vocabulary terms (be ready to answer questions about any words or phrases you use!)
1. Requisite: required or necessary for a particular purpose or position.
4. Answer the following:

	What is the historical background of this amendment (why was it made?) Passed by the United States Congress on March 21, 1947, the 22nd Amendment was later ratified by the requisite number of states on the 27th of February in 1951.
	What does this amendment mean today? Means that the president can only be in office for a certain amount of time.
	Present examples of current issues involving this amendment. Once a president’s time is up he can’t be reelected even if he was a good president.

Questions for Barnga (the card game)

BARNGA-Reflect on the card game we played in class.

· If you could describe the game in one word, what would it be?

Ø  Entertaining

 

· What did you expect at the beginning of the game?

Ø  That there were different rules for each group.

 

· When did you realize that something was wrong?

Ø  At the beginning

 

· How did you deal with it?

Ø  Tried to pay attention to detail when I go to different groups.

 

· How did not being able to speak contribute to what you were feeling?

Ø  You couldn’t tell others the rules that you were told.

 

·   is my title above appropriate for the game of "culture."  Why or why not?

Ø  Yes, because it can be related to real life around the world and there are different rules for different groups of people.

 

·   is a universal language and set of customs necessary for world peace and harmony?

Ø  It would make things easier but I don’t think it is necessary.

·   What can a simple card game teach us about our culture?

Ø  It is different from other cultures and as people we all think that our way is the right way.

Bacha Bazi

It’s amazing how different people and their cultures can be so different than your own. In the article we had to read, Bacha Bazi, I learned that it is ok for people to rape little, young boys. In this article it talks about how in Afghanistan the military and their commanders are the ones raping the little boys. Our troops are over there and are seeing and hearing this happen right in there bases. Our U.S. troops are told not to intrude or do anything about it because it’s part of their culture and we shouldn’t get in the way of their cultural practices.

            The article also talks about a couple of soldiers that didn’t listen to their leaders and did something about it. For sticking up for those young boys one that was talked about got kicked out of the service and another that they talked about got shot by one of the boys that he was standing up for. If I was in the position that the soldiers were in, I would do the same thing that they did. I would do something about it instead of just listening to it happen all the time. Even if it’s ok to the other people because no one should be able to abuse young kids like that. No matter where you’re from.

Dear Aunt Lousy;

                Hey it’s Piggy! I’m writing this letter to you from the island that I am currently stranded on. Its way different here than at home, and not for the better either. At least I’m not stranded here alone. Not long after I got stranded I met a boy named Ralph. He’s a fine young man. I found him walking along the beach outside of all the trees and brush. I don’t like going inside the jungle area because there are a lot of scary things in there like creepers (vines that look like snakes). While we were walking along the beach we found this conch. We picked it up and Ralph blew into it, I wanted to do it but my asthma was acting up at the time, and all of a sudden a choir group of tenors and altos came out from the trees. As they approached us the leader introduced himself, Jack, and the second man in charge, Simon, of the group. As time went on we realized that Jack was a jerk and mean. Simon on the other hand was nicer and smarter. Simon could see that even though there were probably many beasts on the island, the biggest “beast” is the fear inside us.

                Later on we ended up splitting into groups. The groups depended on the skills you could contribute to the group. There were the hunters and the gatherers. Then we had people that wanted to do different things. We had some that wanted to start building a civilization and others that wanted to build a fire. So we split up and went to work. The people that went to go and make to fire had made a big flame right away but then struggled to keep it going. But while it was going the group kind of forgot about it and it ended up spreading but catching on to some trees. Luckily after a while it went out.

                I miss you Aunt Lousy and I hope I get the chance to see you again…

                                Love Piggy

    

Macro & Micro

It is amazing to think that there is a bigger picture besides just your life and the way that you think. Everyone, whether you know it or not, in this world is a part of a bigger picture that a single person is just a fraction in. Like in the lifeboat situation, in order for some of the people to live others had to die. No one wanted to be left behind to die, but it was something bigger than them that they didn’t really have a choice. In my own life I am a part of a bunch of different things that require more than just me like school, sports, church, 4H,  boy scouts, and so on so forth. These things can affect me and the people around me by my actions and how those things shape my life as a whole. This brings up the microsociological part of things. Just as there is a bigger part, there is also a smaller part. 

Some of the decisions that we make as people can influence our lives in more ways than we think sometimes. Like if a student in school decides that he or she doesn’t want to do their homework then gets a zero. Then that zero brings down their grade which brings down his or her GPA. Then they don’t get into the college that they wanted to go to which could affect the job you get. All because a the student didn’t want to do some homework.

Empathy

                In this video it talks about empathy, or putting yourself into someone else’s shoes to see things from their point of view. It talks about military, not just the United States military but different militaries all over the world and how there are a lot of different point of views out there. The speaker, Sam Richards, talks about how when Americans see a picture of American soldiers that captured some members of the enemy we, as Americans, are happy and rejoice in the fact that our enemy is captured. But if you are on the other side and some of your people are captured for maybe trying to protect you and your country and families, it is a sad thing but you would never know how they feel or understand if you didn’t put yourself in their situation. By putting yourself in their shoes you can understand both sides. He also gives the people a challenge, can they understand, not approve of, but understand what the other is going through.

                I can relate to this topic, being sociologically mindful, to friends and other people I know. If one of my friends is having a bad day I can put myself in their shoes and know how they feel. Another example is if you are at a funeral because someone you know had a family member pass away, put yourself in their shoes so you know how they feel. And that’s when the sympathy starts, because you now know how they feel and what they are going through.

                I see myself fitting into the big picture of society as a caring and friendly Christian trying to impact and better the lives of others around me on a day-to-day basis. I also pay tax, which in the long run, or bigger picture, helps our community to grow and better itself.